PetroleumSAGD Monitoring and HEMMSMicroseismic monitoring of shallow, thermally-driven projects, such as steam-assisted gravity drainage (SAGD), creates special monitoring challenges. The overburden and reservoir sediments are less consolidated, thus having lower seismic velocities and higher signal attenuation. Furthermore, steam is typically injected at lower pressures, resulting in smaller-magnitude microseismic events. The result is that the monitoring array’s effective radius of observation is significantly reduced and complete monitoring coverage of the area of interest becomes more difficult to achieve. How it WorksThe ResMap™ solution is a synergistic combination of ESG’s instrumentation, software and services. OverviewMicroseismic events are acoustic emissions that occur in the reservoir rock as a result of shear stress slippages along pre-existing faults, fluid flow paths and fractures, or during the creation of new fractures. These slippages are induced by operator-initiated production activities related to reservoir stimulation and hydrocarbon extraction.
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